纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料中纤维增韧分析模型

对于单向纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料，在考虑纤维桥联和纤维拔出两种主要增韧机理的基础上，建立了研究紧凑拉伸试样断裂行为的理论模型，并利用该模型计算了裂纹扩展的Ｒ－阻力曲线和载荷／位移曲线，计算结果表明：由于纤维桥联与拔出，使得Ｒ－曲线和载荷／位移曲线呈现明显的非线性行为，纤维桥联是主要增韧机制。体积分数５０％ＳｉＣ１／ＬＡＳ复合材料断裂韧性的计算值与实验值吻合。     

一种获取耀斑光变曲线的高精度,高分辨方法

一种获取耀斑光变曲线的高精度、高分辨方法栗志，周卫红（中国科学院云南天文台，昆明６５００１１）关键词太阳耀斑，光变曲线，测量方法太阳耀斑物理机制的研究，需要得到耀斑核的辐射的演化，在光学波段常用耀斑在单色光的辐射强度的时间变化曲线作为分析依据［１］．...     

评定线轮廓度误差的通用数学模型

建立了用最小二乘法评定平面曲线轮廓度的通用数学模型。运用该模型可对任意平面曲线的轮廓度进行评定，从而将直线度、圆度、椭圆度以及任何线轮廓度的评定归结在统一的模式中。由于所建立的模型直观、明了，很容易在计算机上实现，因而可在生产实际中普遍推广应用。举例说明了线轮廓度误差可分离成形状误差、参数误差和位姿误差，给出了分离公式和误差补偿原则。     

确定材料概率疲劳曲线的损伤力学方法

飞机结构对可靠度要求很高,因此要获取材料的概率疲劳曲线.概率疲劳曲线试验周期长,费用高.对此,首次通过损伤力学方法,根据获取材料中值疲劳曲线所需数据确定了材料的概率疲劳曲线.结果表明,当存活概率提高时,疲劳强度将明显降低,疲劳寿命将明显缩短.本结论是从金属材料的标准试件的疲劳试验推出的,因而该方法首先适用于金属材料,同时该方法也可推广用于许多新型的复合材料.另外,试验子样愈大,置信度愈高.该方法的价值在于可以采用中值疲劳试验代替概率疲劳试验,显著地节约疲劳机时与试验成本.     

基于路径跟随的改进领航-跟随无人机协同编队方法

针对集群无人机完成高精度协同编队的需要，提出了一种基于路径跟随的改进领航-跟随无人机协同编队方法。首先，在传统A*算法的基础上，引入了障碍威胁系数改进A*算法，为领航无人机规划从起点到目标的全局安全路径；其次，采用Hermite多项式在离散化后对领航无人机的全局安全路径进行参数化表示。当遇到新的障碍信息时，利用改进A*算法重新规划路径；随后，领航无人机将跟随无人机的空间编队信息与编队路径参数信息在集群中完成同步；最后，基于一致性原理设计了编队队形协同控制器，并基于改进人工势场法设计了动态避障控制器。仿真结果表明，与传统的领航-跟随方法相比，该方法可以降低编队误差，提高了复杂曲线路径下无人机的编队精度与稳定性，具有一定的工程应用价值。     

我国航空运输需求价格弹性测算

根据经济学理论,同时结合我国航空运输的特点,通过引入我国GDP和我国航空运输每运输吨公里收入两个变量,利用线性回归分析的方法建立了我国航空运输需求函数,并根据需求函数绘制了我国航空运输需求曲线,然后根据需求函数和需求曲线测算了我国航空运输需求价格弹性值。最后,对本研究需要改进的方面进行了分析和总结。     

结构系统疲劳可靠性评估方法的研究

在考虑了工程结构承受疲劳载荷的各态历经性的基础上，结合了结构元件寿命随机分布形式和Ｍｉｎｅｒ线性累积损伤理论，首先对元件在疲劳载荷作用下可靠性作了分析，给出了元件在不同疲劳载荷水平下可靠性参数的估算方法，并在此基础上对结构系统的疲劳可靠性进行了研究，找出其在疲劳载荷下的主要失效模式，从而提出了一种新的评估结构疲劳可靠性的方法。该方法通过对结构在服役过程中信息的分析，以风险值来评价并监控结构在不同时间失效的危险性，以便及时加以维修，从而最终保证结构的安全。最后用算例和试验结果进行了对比分析。     

SETI implications of gravitational assist via chaotic trajectories of binary objects

Extrapolating from the technique of gravitational assist via chaotic trajectories of binary objects, this paper considers how such techniques might be used in other systems. We examine which types of systems are the best candidates for harvesting gravitational energy for payload ejection. We also consider what signatures might be present in either the asteroid orbits or radiation of the central body if extraterrestrial intelligences were to use such techniques about these candidate systems.The simulation studies show that current technology cannot approach the sensitivity needed to detect either of these signals. Instead, we provide these results as guidance to studies in coming decades on patterns that may indicate the use of an asteroid ejection system.     

A new error-controllable method for smoothing the G01 commands

In real machining, the tool paths are composed of a series of short line segments, which constitute groups of sharp corners correspondingly leading to geometry discontinuity in tangent. As a result, high acceleration with high fluctuation usually occurs. If these kinds of tool paths are directly used for machining, the feedrate and quality will be greatly reduced. Thus, generating continuous tool paths is strongly desired. This paper presents a new error-controllable method for generating continuous tool path. Different from the traditional method focusing on fitting the cutter locations, the proposed method realizes globally smoothing the tool path in an error-controllable way. Concretely, it does the smoothing by approaching the newly produced curve to the linear tool path by taking the tolerance requirement as a constraint. That is, the error between the desired tool path and the G01 commands are taken as a boundary condition to ensure the finally smoothed curve being within the given tolerance. Besides, to improve the smoothing ability in case of small corner angle, an improved local smoothing method is also proposed by symmetrically assigning the control points to the two adjacent linear segments with the constrains of tolerance and G3 continuity. Experiments on an open five-axis machine are developed to verify the advantages of the proposed methods.     

Impact of local and global factors and meteorological parameters in temporal variation of atmospheric potential gradient

In this research work, we have performed comparative diurnal variations of atmospheric Potential Gradient (PG) of fair-weather days by using the data of three stations installed in Northern, Pakistan for the year 2018. We investigated the impact of both local and global factors and meteorological parameters in the diurnal variation of atmospheric Potential Gradient on the annual and seasonal time scale. We observed two peaks, primary and secondary. This is because of the land-based measurements of annual and seasonal variations. The annual average curve of Potential Gradient of all three stations: Islamabad (CES), Muzaffarabad (MZF), and Balakot (BKT) demonstrated a notable deviation from the standard oceanic Carnegie curve. The atmospheric Potential Gradient variations are due to numerous meteorological factors e.g., air pollution, humidity, aerosol particles, fog, and temperature. Among three stations, the MZF station is located in highland (mountainous) and it demonstrated a higher atmospheric Potential Gradient. We further differentiate the results of our three stations with global results for authenticity and observed coherence between them. In addition, a positive correlation of fair-weather Potential Gradient is observed with temperature and a notable correlation between relative humidity and atmospheric Potential Gradient for all the three observatories.